张家口市湿地资源现状、问题与保护对策     

毕君  王超  武明录  毛福玲  付芸生 《湿地科学与管理》2006,2(2):29-33

张家口地区有丰富的湿地资源,张家口的河流、湖淖等湿地对京津地区的水资源供应与调节、生物多样性保护、生态环境的平衡与区域可持续发展关系重大,本文对该区域主要湿地现状、导致其退化的主要原因与问题进行了探讨,并提出了当前湿地保护的建议与对策。  相似文献   

衡水湖湿地水环境分析及保护对策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘振杰 《湿地科学与管理》2006,2(2):41-44

衡水湖是华北平原惟一保存完整的内陆淡水湿地生态系统,生物多样性十分丰富,本文通过对衡水湖湿地水环境监测资料的收集整理,分析了衡水湖湿地水环境质量现状。结果表明:衡水湖在建立国家级自然保护区后,通过实施一系列严格的保护措施,目前水质仍保持较好。为了进一步保护衡水湖良好的生态环境,充分发挥衡水湖的生态功能,结合衡水湖的实际,提出了水环境保护建议。  相似文献   

马鞍山市江心洲湿地保护与利用     

刘滨谊  钟华 《湿地科学与管理》2006,2(1):36-39

围绕马鞍山江心洲湿地的发展规划,分析了湿地现状及因港口、城市发展所面临的保护与发展问题。以当今湿地与水资源保护为前提,探讨了江心州湿地开发利用战略与保护措施,提出了湿地保护与发展兼容的若干经验模式。  相似文献   

Impact of climate change on wetland ecosystems: A critical review of experimental wetlands     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2007

Climate change is identified as a major threat to wetlands. Altered hydrology and rising temperature can change the biogeochemistry and function of a wetland to the degree that some important services might be turned into disservices. This means that they will, for example, no longer provide a water purification service and adversely they may start to decompose and release nutrients to the surface water. Moreover, a higher rate of decomposition than primary production (photosynthesis) may lead to a shift of their function from being a sink of carbon to a source. This review paper assesses the potential response of natural wetlands (peatlands) and constructed wetlands to climate change in terms of gas emission and nutrients release. In addition, the impact of key climatic factors such as temperature and water availability on wetlands has been reviewed. The authors identified the methodological gaps and weaknesses in the literature and then introduced a new framework for conducting a comprehensive mesocosm experiment to address the existing gaps in literature to support future climate change research on wetland ecosystems. In the future, higher temperatures resulting in drought might shift the role of both constructed wetland and peatland from a sink to a source of carbon. However, higher temperatures accompanied by more precipitation can promote photosynthesis to a degree that might exceed the respiration and maintain the carbon sink role of the wetland. There might be a critical water level at which the wetland can preserve most of its services. In order to find that level, a study of the key factors of climate change and their interactions using an appropriate experimental method is necessary. Some contradictory results of past experiments can be associated with different methodologies, designs, time periods, climates, and natural variability. Hence a long-term simulation of climate change for wetlands according to the proposed framework is recommended. This framework provides relatively more accurate and realistic simulations, valid comparative results, comprehensive understanding and supports coordination between researchers. This can help to find a sustainable management strategy for wetlands to be resilient to climate change.  相似文献   

The neoliberalization of ecosystem services: wetland mitigation banking and problems in environmental governance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Morgan M. Robertson 《Geoforum》2004,35(3):361-373

Wetland mitigation banking is an American neoliberal environmental policy that has created a functioning market in `ecosystem services', commodities defined using the holistic measures of ecological science. The development of this market is discussed as a project of environmental governance, defined as the nation-state's regulation of ecological relations within its territory towards stabilizing capitalist relations of power and accumulation. I argue that the wetland banking industry serves as a bellwether that presages problems that other strategies of neoliberal environmental governance will experience. Ethnographic, economic and ecological data from the Chicago-area wetland banking industry inform a discussion of two major obstacles to neoliberal strategy: the problem of relying on ecological science to define the unit of trade, and the problem of aligning the somewhat independent relations of law, politics, markets and ecosystems across an array of spatial scales. Theoretical guidance is sought from recent work on `social natures' and from the Regulationist approach to institutional political economics.  相似文献   

洞庭湖区湿地生物资源特征及生态系统评价   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

庄大昌 《热带地理》2000,20(4):261-264

洞庭湖湿地是我国最大的淡水湖泊湿地生态景观系统,生态资源十分丰富,其中植物资源1428种,鸟类资源216种,鱼类资源119种,哺乳类22种,两栖爬行类27种及其它大量的野生生物资源。根据生物资源的分布状对湖区湿地生态系统进行了分类,即环湖丘岗生态系统,湖州草滩生态系统,湖岸带生态系统,浅水层生态系统、深水层生态系统。在此基础上,对湖区湿地生态系统的功能效益进行了综合评价。按直接利用价值和间接利用价值进行了分类,最后对湿地生物资源保护和开发中存在的问题,并就今后本区湿地生物资源的保护和利用提出了一些设想和建议。  相似文献   

湿地甲烷排放研究简述   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

马学慧  李君泉 《地理科学》1995,15(2):163-169

  相似文献   

不同土地利用方式下的七里海湿地临界评价研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡为民  杨世媛  汪苏燕  周楠 《地理科学》2012,(4):499-505

在"湿地临界"概念的基础上,定性分析了湿地利用与保护的平衡状态,探讨了不同利用方式下的湿地临界的研究步骤,并从基于耕地和河蟹养殖地两种土地利用方式入手,对七里海湿地临界进行了评价。研究表明,通过建立湿地临界模型,从经济效益评价和生态效益的评估入手,对湿地资源利用与保护进行临界分析,可以较好的反映湿地利用的临界状态;采用该方法,七里海湿地耕地利用的年净收益为9 5941.42元/hm2,净损耗为18 072.75元/hm2,临界效益(△B)值为77 868.67元/hm2;养殖河蟹的年净效益为21 622.68元/hm2,净损耗为2 0274元/hm2,△B值为1 348.68元/hm2,说明在目前的社会经济发展水平下,耕地和养殖河蟹两种利用方式尚未超出开发利用的临界准则,七里海湿地仍然具有开发潜力。  相似文献   

基于光释光测年研究青海湖三种沼泽湿地的发育及沉积速率          下载免费PDF全文

刘德梅  陈桂琛  赖忠平  刘向军  周国英  宋文珠  彭敏 《盐湖研究》2012,20(3):9-14

近百年来由于受气候暖干化、青海湖湖体水位下降和周围草地退化及沙化趋势加剧等生态环境变化,加速了湿地环境变迁的生态过程。本研究在青海湖北岸地区选取三种典型沼泽湿地(藏嵩草kobresia ti-betica、华扁穗草Blysmus sinocompressus、盐地凤毛菊Saussurea salsa),建立地层的年代序列,计算得到每一测年段内的沉积速率,结合前人研究的历史气候变化,分析湿地形成的历史背景,初步揭示三种沼泽湿地的发育和沉积规律与全球变化的耦合性。结果表明光释光测得的三种沼泽湿地其发育时期各不相同,华扁穗草沼泽湿地发育于8.436±0.6 ka,藏嵩草沼泽湿地发育于2.058±0.11 ka,盐地凤毛菊沼泽湿地发育于1.143±0.20 ka;从整个剖面的平均沉积速率来看盐地凤毛菊湿地沉积最快(0.63 mm/a),藏嵩草湿地次之(0.39 mm/a),华扁穗湿地最慢(0.09 mm/a)。三种沼泽湿地主要在气候由暖干向湿润期转变时形成,自形成以来由于受到全球变化和人类因素的影响,沉积并非随时间呈线性关系发展。  相似文献   

Characteristics of the main inorganic nitrogen accumulation in surface water and groundwater of wetland succession zones     

ZHOU Nian-qing  LI Tian-shui  ZHAO Shan  XIA Xue-min 《地下水科学与工程》2019,7(2):173-181

Based on the observation of a complete hydrological year from June 2014 to May 2015, the temporal and spatial variations of the main inorganic nitrogen(MIN, referring to NO_3~--N, NO_2~--N, NH_4~+-N) in surface water and groundwater of the Li River and the Yuan River wetland succession zones are analyzed. The Li River and the Yuan River are located in agricultural and non-agricultural areas, and this study focus on the influence of surface water level and groundwater depth and precipitation on nitrogen pollution. The results show that NO_3~-N in surface water accounts for 70%-90% of MIN, but it does not exceed the limit of national drinking water surface water standard. Groundwater is seriously polluted by H_4~+-N. Based on the groundwater quality standard of H_4~+-N, the groundwater quality in the Li River exceeds Class III water standard throughout the year, and the exceeding months' proportion of Yuan River reaches 58.3%. Compared with the Yuan River, MIN in groundwater of the Li River shows significant temporal and spatial variations owing to the influence of agricultural fertilization. The correlation between the concentrations of MIN and surface water level is poor, while the fitting effect of quadratic correlation between H_4~+-N concentration and groundwater depth is the best(R~2=0.9384), NO_3~-N is the next(R~2=0.5128), NO_2~--N is the worst(R~2=0.2798). The equation of meteoric water line is δD =7.83δ~(18) O+12.21, indicating that both surface water and groundwater come from atmospheric precipitation. Surface infiltration is the main cause of groundwater H_4~+-N pollution. Rainfall infiltration in non-fertilization seasons reduces groundwater nitrogen pollution, while rainfall leaching farming and fertilization aggravate groundwater nitrogen pollution.  相似文献